一、初中英语句子成分分析法
英语句子是英语对话和文章的基础。下面是我带来的初中英语句子成分分析，欢迎阅读!
初中英语句子成分分析精选
句子是由各种词类按照一定的语法规则组成的，可以表达完整的概念。句子开头第一个字母一定要大写，结尾要注明标点符号。
一、句子的成分
组成句子的各个部分叫作句子的成分。句子的成分有主语、谓语、表语、宾语(直接宾语和间接宾语)、宾语补足语、定语和状语。其中主语和谓语是句子的主体，表语、宾语和宾语补足语是谓语的组成部分，其他成分如定语和状语是句子的次要部分。
1主语表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”，通常用名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语或从句担任。主语要放在句首。
To say is one thing, and to do is another.说是一回事，做是另一回事。(不定式作主语) What you said hurt me badly.你所说的话深深地刺伤了我。(从句作主语)
2谓语起着说明主语的动作、特征或状态的作用，必须用动词表示。谓语和主语在人称和数两方面要一致，通常在主语之后。谓语通常有三个表现形式：
(1)动词或动词短语作谓语
He studies hard.他学习很努力。 The performance has already begun.演出已经开始。
(2)谓语动词和宾语及宾语补语作谓语
They are picking apples.他们正在摘苹果。 He made us laugh heavily.他使我们大笑不止。
(3)连系动词和表语作谓语 Her mother is an inspector.她的母亲是一位检查官。
It is getting dark.天色渐渐地黑了下来。
He is feeling well.他现在感觉身体很好。
句子成分巧划分：主在前，谓在中，宾语、状语后面冲。短语定语主宾后，形、代定语主宾前。间宾直宾紧相依，直、间之间to、for连，宾补位于宾语后，地状常在时状前。
3表语用于说明主语的性质、特征、身份或状态，可以由名词、形容词、副词、介词和不定式以及相当于名词或形容词的词或短语来担任，表语要放在连系动词之后。
Her job is to wash all the sheets and the clothes.她的工作是洗这些床单和衣服。(不定式作表语) Teaching is learning.教学相长。(动名词作表语)
4宾语是及物动词所示动作的对象或介词的对象，由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语及从句都可以担任作宾语。宾语要放在谓语动词(及物动词)或介词之后。
Do you enjoy living here?你愿意住在这里吗?(动名词作宾语)
I want only one.我只要一个。(数词作宾语)
I don't think you are right.我认为你不对。(从句作宾语)
注意：①某些及物动词之后要求有双宾语(即直接宾语和间接宾语)，直接宾语指物，间接宾语指人。这一类动词有：bring, give, pass, tell, hand, show, s end, read, leave, teach, find, buy, make, do, get, order, play, sing, pay等。
She showed me a few magazines.她拿出了一些杂志给我看。
I promised her a wonderful present on her birthday.我答应在她生日那天给她一件奇妙的礼物。
②在需要的情况下，间接宾语也可以位于直接宾语之后，但此时间接宾语之前需要加介词。 She made me a sweater.(She made a sweater for me.)她给我织了一件毛衣。
He left her three children.(He left three children to her)他给她留下三个孩子。
③有些及物动词的后面，其宾语还需要有一个补足语，才能表达完整的意思。这样的宾语和宾语补足语称为复合宾语。名词、形容词、不定式或介词短语都可以作宾语补足语。
The couple named the baby Mary.(名词作宾补)这对夫妻给孩子取名叫玛丽。
He made her unhappy.他使她很不高兴。(形容词作宾补)
“Let me out!” The boy cried.“让我出去!”那男孩喊道。(副词作宾补)
She saw a man in front of the gate.她看见门外有一个男人。(介词短语作宾补)
She often helps me do the housework.她经常帮助我做家务。(不定式作宾补)
I kept you waiting for half an hour.我让你等了半个小时。(动名词作宾补)
5状语
状语用于修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。通常表示行为发生的时间、地点、目的、方式、程度等。状语一般由副词、介词短语、分词和分词短语、不定式或相当于副词的词或短语来担当。其位置一般放在句末，但也可放在句首或句中。
She drove fast.(副词作状语)她把车开得飞快。
There is a shelter under the post office.
在邮局的地底下，有一个掩蔽所。(介词短语作状语)
To liberate our country, they devoted their lives.
为了解放祖国，他们献出了生命。(不定式短语作状语)
Seeing his old mother, the man went towards her and threw himself on his knees.
那人一看见年迈的母亲就跑上前去跪倒在她面前。(分词短语作状语)
It was blowing hard when she was on her way home yesterday.
昨天她回家的路上，风刮得正大。(从句作状语)
6定语
定语用于修饰名词或代词。可以担任定语的有形容词、代词、名词、数词、名词所有格、副词、不定式、分词和分词短语、介词短语及从句等等。定语的位置很灵活，凡有名词和代词的地方都可以有定语。
The man outside the teacher's office is his father.办公室外面的那人是他的父亲。(介词短语作定语) I'll have a lot of clothes to wash this Saturday.这个星期六我要洗好多衣服。(不定式作定语) Will you say something about your travelling experience?(动名词作定语)
The woman who is singing on the stage is her aunt.(从句作定语)正在台上演唱的那女人是她姑姑。
二、句子的种类
(一)、简单句
简单句只包含一个主谓结构，并且各个结构都是由单词或短语组成，不包含任何从句。有五种基本句型。
1.主语+谓语(不及物动词)
The new term begins.新学期开始了。
2.主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语
The girl is learning to play the piano.这个女孩在学弹钢琴。
3.主语+连系动词+表语
The rice got burned。饭焖煳了。
4.主语+谓语(及物动词)+间接宾语+直接宾语
He bought her a watch.他给她买了一块表。
5.主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+宾语补语
We all believed you honest.我们都认为你是诚实的。
二、并列句(简单句+连词+简单句)
并列句是由两个或多个简单句连接而成的。其中的各个简单句并列平行，同等重要，相互之间没有从属关系，能够独立成句。它们之间要用连词连接。并列句可分为四种：
1.表示相同关系用连词或逗号、分号连接构成并列句。常用连词有：and, not only...but also..., neither...nor...
Susan not only runs fast, but also jumps high.苏姗不但跑得快，而且跳得高。
I could neither swim nor skate.我既不会游泳，也不会滑冰。
2.表示转折关系常用连词有：but, still, yet, while等。
It was late at night, but he went on doing his homework.夜已深了，但是他还在继续做作业。
She was busy cooking while they were watching TV.她忙着做饭，而他们却在看电视。
The film is not perfect, still, it's good.这部影片虽然不是无可挑剔，但还是好的。
3.表示选择关系常用连词为：or, either...or...。
The teacher wanted to see either his father or mother.老师要见一下他的父亲或是母亲。
Either this road or that on e can lead you to that hospital.这条路或那条路都通往那家医院。
Hurry up,or you'll miss the train.
4.表示因果关系常用连词有for和so。
We hurried to the railway station, for there was little time for the train to leave.
我们急忙赶往车站，因为火车很快就要开了。
The teacher asked Susan to go, so she went( did).老师让苏姗到她那去，因此她就去了。
三、复合句(主句+连词+从句)
包含一个主句，一个或一个以上的从句的句子叫复合句。从句从属于主句并充当主句的某一成分，如主语，表语，宾语，定语，状语等。中考主要考宾语、定语、状语从句。注意引导词、语序和时态。
初中英语句子成分分析练习
巩固练习同义句转换
1.There is only a chair in the room.(同义句转换)
There is _________ _________a chair in the room..
2. Mrs.Smith is busy. She is doing her housework now.
Mrs.Smith is_________ _________ her housework now.
3.The teacher said，“Don’t cheat in exams，children!”
The teacher told the children _________ _________ cheat in exams.
4.Nick was so tired that he couldn’t walk any further.全品中考网
Nick was _____________________________ any further.
5.We can’t finish the project on time unless you support us.
The project can’t be finished on time ______________________________.
6.Shall we watch the exciting ping-pong match together?
______________________________watch the exciting ping-pong match together?
7.My cousin usually walks to school every morning.(改为同义句)
My cousin usually goes to school _________ _________ every morning.(对划线部分提问)
__________ _________is your friend?
9.“Are you going to visit Zi Gong next Week?”Father asked me.(改为间接引语)
Father asked me __________I________going to visit Zi Gong next week.(对划线部分提问)
___________ _________you use to stay on family holidays?
11.James spent ten years making this amazing film(保持句意基本不变)
__________ _________James ten years to make this amazing film.
12.Chris has gone to South Africa to enjoy the 2010 World Cup.
Karen has gone to South Africa to enjoy the 2010 World Cup, too.(合并为一句)
_________Chris _________Karen have gone to South Africa to enjoy the 2010 World Cup.
13.Visitors love this city because it has historical sights and delicious food.(改为简单句)
Visitors love this city__________ _________its historical sights and delicious food.
14.(对划线部分提问)
___________________from Fukang to Unmnqi by bus?(对划线部分提问)
_______________this new computer __________________?
16、不同句子结构的转换，主要指简单句、并列句和复合句间的转换
1)We found him a good pupil. We found _______ ______ _______ a good pupil.
2)The room is so small that my family can't live in it.
The room isn't ______ _______ ____ my family ___ live in.
The room is ______ small ________ my family _______ live in.
3)His grandfather died ten years ago. It ____ ten years ___ his grandfather ______.
4)I'm not sure what I should do next. I'm not sure _____ ___ ____ next.
5)Hurry up, or you'll miss the train. ___ you ___ hurry up, you'll miss the train.
17、根据句意的转换
1) Yesterday everyone of us went to the farm except Lucy.
________ Lucy _______ go to the farm with us yesterday.
2)Sam is friendly to his classmates and his classmates are friendly to him.
Sam _______ ______ well with his classmates.
3)Lily was born ten minutes earlier than I was. I am ten minutes _______ than Lily.
4)English is spoken by the largest number of people in the world.
English _____ the largest number of ________ in the world.
5)It's your turn to do it. It's _____ ____ you to do it.
6) It rained heavily last night. There ______ _____ _____ last night.
7) The building is beautiful and there are many tall trees around it.
The building _____ many tall trees all _______ is beautiful.
8) I spent two hours reading the book yesterday.
_____ ______ me two hours ______ _____ the book yesterday.
9) He bought the book two weeks ago. He _____ _____ the book ____ two weeks.
10) You're very kind to help me with my maths.
___ __ very kind ___ you ___ help me with my maths.
11) My grandfather died ten years ago.
My grandfather ______ ______ ______ ______ ten years ago.
12) I think it is different from Chinese names. I don't think it is _____ _____ as Chinese names.
13) They planted millions of trees to save the farmland.
They planted millions of trees _____ _____ the farmland _____ ____ saved.
15)The man thinks the same as I. The man ______ ______ me.
二、英语句式
简单句和并列句
句子的分类:根据语气可分为：陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。
根据结构可分为：简单句、并列句和复合句。
简单句是只包括一个主谓结构的句子。
并列句是包含两个或两个以上主谓结构的句子，句子之间常用并列连词连接。常见的连词有and, but, or, so等。
一、常见的五种基本句型。
1. S＋V，主谓，谓语动词一般为不及物动词；
①The bus stopped.
S Vi
② Tom has arrived.
2. S＋V＋P，主谓（系）表，谓语动词一般为连系动词；
（表语可以是名词，形容词，动词不定式、动名词短语、介词短语或句子等）。
★连系动词主要有：be(am, is, are), look(看起来), sound（听起来）, smell（闻起来）, taste（尝起来）, feel（感到，摸起来）；stay/keep(保持)；seem(好像，似乎). turn/get/become/grow(变得); appear(呈现)：appear red
①The skirt looks beautiful.
S V P
② she is a student.
③ My dream is to be a teacher.
3.S＋V＋DO，主谓宾，谓语动词一般为及物动词，如果是不及物动词，后面要
介词再接宾语；
①I like English.
S V DO
②She likes watching TV.
③She wants to go shopping.
④Tom gets to school at 6:00am.
⑤Tom often laughs at me.
⑥Jim is making a kite.
4.S＋V＋DO＋OC，主谓宾补，宾语补足语可以是形容词、名词、动词不定式等.
①I find English easy].
S V DO OC
②They keep their eyes [closed].
③She asked me [to go shopping].
④She makes me [laugh].
⑤I wish you [a good holiday]
⑥I find Tom [a clever boy].
⑦I can hear Tom [singing an English song].
5. S＋V＋IO＋DO，主谓双宾，接双宾语的动词有buy, give, show, tell, teach,
offer, provide等。一般物为直接宾语（DO），人为间接宾语（IO）。(give sb. sth.= give
sth. to sb.)(buy sb. sth.= buy sth. for sb.)
①She gave me a pen.
S V IO DO
②She buy me a pen.
二．并列句：由并列连词连接起来的两个或两个以上的简单句叫作并列句。并列句
与复合句的区别在于并列句在结构上和意义上同等重要；而复合句在结构和意义上
从句为主句服务，是主句的一个成分。
(1)用来连接两个并列概念的连接词有and, not only…but also…, neither…nor…,
as well as等,and所连接的前后分句往往表示平行关系、顺接关系、对照关系、先后关系、递进关系。前后分句的时态往往保持一致关系,若第一个分句是祈使句,那么第二个分句用将来时。
① He likes playing football and he plays well.
②②Hurry up, and you will catch the early bus.
③as well as是英语中常用的连接词(并列连词)，侧重于前项。
The child is lively as well as healthy.
= The child is not only lively but also healthy.
(2)表示在两者之间选择一个,常用的连接词有or, otherwise, either…or…等,前后分句的时态往往保持一致关系,若第一个分句是祈使句,那么第二个分句用将来时。
①Now you can have a rest or you can go to the cinema．（or译为：或者）
②Hurry up, or you will miss the early bus.（or译为：否则）
(3)表明两个概念彼此有矛盾、相反或者转折,常用的连接词有but, yet, still,however, while(而)等,前后分句时态一致。
①It has no mouth, but it can talk.
（前后彼此矛盾，表示转折）
②School is over, yet all the teachers are still working.
（前后彼此矛盾，表示转折）
③He wants to be a writer, while I want to be a scientist.
（前后不矛盾，只是表示转折）
(4)说明原因或理由,用连接词for,前后分句时态一致。
He has many good friends, for he is an honest man。
（5)表示结果,用连接词so,前后分句时态一致。
Mr. Li went to his hometown, so Mr. Wang was taking his class instead．
三、反意疑问句：
反意疑问句表示对陈述句所说的事实提出相反的疑问,要求对方用“yes”或“no”来进行回答。
1)构成：由两部分组成：前一部分是陈述句,后一部分是疑问句,它是由be,have,助动词或情态动词+主语构成。如果陈述句是肯定结构,反意疑问句须用否定结构；反之,陈述句如果是否定结构,反意疑问句须用肯定结构。反意疑问句的两部分,必须保持人称和时态的一致；反意疑问句的回答有时会和汉语不同。
陈述句部分附加问句部分注意点
肯定陈述句否定的简短一般问句当陈述句部分含有“是”动词、(“有”动词)、情态动词和助动词时,简短问句中沿用该词；否则就使用do/does//did.
否定陈述句肯定的简短一般问句
如：①He is old, isn’t he?(他老了不是吗？)
②Your father went to Japan, didn’t he?(你爸爸去了日本，不是吗？)
③He isn’t old, is he?(他不老是吗？)
④He seldom plays football, does he?(他很少踢足球，是吗？)
★⑤Tom has been to Japan, hasn’t he?
比较：Tom has to do housework, doesn’t he?
⑥There is little water, is there?
⑦Kate hardly speaks Chinese, does she?
⑧Please open the door, will you?
★(除Let’s外的祈使句的反意疑问句用will you)
⑨Let us go swimming, will you?
⑩Let’s go swimming, shall we?
★(Let’s开头的祈使句的反意疑问句用:shall we)
⑽Everyone is here, aren’t they?(everyone指人)
⑾Everything is ready, isn’t it?（everything指物)
⑿I don’t think Tom has done that, has he?
(主要看宾语从句：I/we think/believe引导宾从时否定前移)
⒀She thinks Tom hasn’t done that, doesn’t she?(只要看主句)
2)反意问句的回答：
无论哪种形式的反意问句,回答时要遵循：“Yes,+肯定式”或者“No,+否定式”
如：①——The man went away, didn’t he?(那人走开了,不是吗？)
——Yes, he did.(是的,他走了。)/ No, he didn’t.(不,他没有走。)
②——Tom didn’t go there, did he?(Tom没去那里,是吗？)
——Yes, he did.(不,他去了。)/ No, he didn’t.(是的,他没去。)
四、选择疑问句：提出两种或两种以上情况,需要对方作出选择回答的疑问句叫选择疑问句。
1)构成：(1)一般疑问句+ or+第二选项？
(2)特殊疑问句+第一选项(+第二选项)+ or+第三选项？
2)选择疑问句的结构与特殊疑问句相同,即要具体回答,不可以用yes/ no回答。如：
①Is your friend a boy or a girl?–A girl.
②Which do you prefer, coffee or tea?–Tea, please.
③Which do you like best, singing, dancing or skating?--Dancing, of course.
五、祈使句：祈使句用来表示请求、命令等。它的主语you往往不说出。
▲祈使句的肯定式：动词(原形)+其他
如：①Please give me a hand.(请帮忙)
②Shut up!(住嘴！)
▲祈使句的否定式：Don’t+动词原形+其他
如：①Please don’t talk in low voices.(请不要低声讲话。)
② Don’t look back!(不要掉头看。)
[注意]以“let’s”引出的祈使句的否定结构,“not”应放在“let’s”后面。
如：③Let’s not trouble him.(我们不要打扰他。)
肯定祈使句前可以用助动词来强调语气。
如：④Please do help me!(请千万帮帮我。)（do起强调作用）
▲注意祈使句在复合句和其它一些情况下看作将来时：
⑤ Please call me when she comes back.(主将从现)
⑥-----Don’t bring it here tomorrow.---OK, I won’t.
六、感叹句：感叹句用来表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情。句末常用“！”
1.what感叹名词。对含有形容词的名词短语感叹的结构通常是：
★What+(a/an)+(形容词)+名词+陈述句结构(主谓语),
⑴感叹可数名词单数。
如：①What a kind girl||(she is)!(她是多么善良的一个女孩啊！)
②What a tall tree||(it is)!(它是多高的一棵树啊！)
⑵感叹可数名词复数。
如：①What kind girls||(they are)!(她们是多么善良的女孩啊！)
②What tall trees||(they are)!(它们是多高的树啊！)
⑶感叹不可数名词。
如：①What delicious food||(it is)!
②What bad/good weather||(it is)!
③What good news||(it is)!
④What useful information||(it is)!
⑤What good advice||(it is)!
⑥What hard work||(it is)!
⑦What great fun||(they had)!(have fun词组)
◎特例：What a good time||(they are having)!(have a good time词组)
★技巧: what引导的感叹句中的形容词后肯定直接有一个名词.
2.how对形容词或副词进行感叹：
★结构通常是：How+形容词/副词+陈述句结构(主谓语),
用来强调句子中的形容词、副词或动词。
⑴how感叹形容词时，可以与what感叹句相互转化。
①How kind|| the girl is!(那个女孩多么善良啊！)
②How tall|| the tree is!(那棵树多高啊！)
⑵how感叹副词时，不可以与what感叹句相互转化。
①How carefully|| the old man walks!(这老人走路真小心！)
②How beautifully||Lily is singing!
▲有时,陈述句、祈使句、疑问句、一个词或词组,也带有一定的感情色彩,也可以成为感叹句,此时未必使用感叹句型。He is sitting on a tiger’s back!(他坐在老虎的背上！)/ A nice shot!(漂亮一击！)/ Good goal!(好球！)
三、英语句子结构
句子的成分
在英文中句子成分包括：主语、谓语、表语、宾语（直接宾语、间接宾语）、宾语补足语、定语和状语等
（一）主语：主语是谓语讲述的对象，表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。它在句首。如：
1. Comrade Chen is a well-known scientist.
陈同志是著名的科学家。（名词作主语）
2. He reads newspapers every day.
他每天读报。（代词作主语）
3. Smoking is harmful to the health.
吸烟对健康有害。（动名词作主语）
4. To swim in Kunming Lake is a great pleasure.
在昆明湖里游泳是非常愉快的事。（不定式作主语）
5. What we shall do next is not yet decided.
下一步我们做什么还没定下来。（主语从句作主语）
（二）谓语
说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”。谓语（谓语部分里主要的词）必须是动词。谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。它在主语后面。
如：His parents are teachers.
（系动词和表语一起作谓语）
We study hard.（行为动词作谓语）
We have finished reading the book.
（助动词和行为动词一起作谓语）
He can speak English.
（情态动词和行为动词一起作谓语）
（三）宾语
宾语是动作、行为的对象，由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任，它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么。一般放在谓语之后。
She is doing her homework now.（名词作宾语）
She said（that）she felt sick.（宾语从句做动词宾语）
We often help him.（代词作宾语）
He likes to play basketball.
他喜欢打篮球。（不定式作宾语）
We enjoy listening to the music.
我们喜欢听音乐。（动名词短语作宾语）
说明1：宾语是及物动词涉及到的人或物。宾语一般放在及物动词之后。介词后面的名词或代词或动名词，称为介词宾语。名词、代词、数词常在句中做动词宾语或介词宾语。另外，动词不定式可做动词宾语；动名词和宾语从句也可用做动词宾语。
说明2：及物动词作谓语时，后面要跟宾语，宾语分直接宾语和间接宾语。直接宾语是及物动词的直接对象。直接宾语指物。间接宾语通常是及物动词的动作所及的人，间接宾语指人。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语之前。
不是所有的及物动词都可以用双宾语。有的动词可以跟，如：give, show（给…看），bring, pass, buy等。如：
1. Our teacher told us a story.
（us为间接宾语）a story为直接宾语。
2. The sun gives us light and warmth.
（us为间接宾语，light and warmth为直接宾语）
3. We sent him a telegram.
我们给他打了电报。
（him为间接宾语，a telegram为直接宾语）
间接宾语如果放在直接宾语之后。在表示“人”的间接宾语之前会出现介词“to”或“for”。在这种情况下，
间接宾语前加“to”的有：
give, show, send, bring, read, pass, lend, leave（留给）, hand（交给）, tell, return, write, throw（仍）promise（答应）refuse（拒绝）等。
for的有：make, buy, do, get, play（演奏）,order（命令）,sing, pay（为…交钱）
例如：
（1）I gave him a book.
改成：I gave a book to him.
（2）He passed me the book.（他将书递给我）
改成：He passed the book to me.
（3）He wrote me a letter.
改成：He wrote a letter to me.
（4）He will buy me some books.
改成：He will buy some books for me.
（5）She made me a cake.
改成：She made a cake to me.
（四）宾语补足语：
在某些及物动词后面，需要用一个宾语再加一个宾语的补语才能表达完整的意思。在宾语后面补充说明宾语的动作、状态、特征的成分，称为宾语补足语。名词、形容词、副词、介词短语以及动词不定式，分词等可用做宾语补足语。宾语和宾语补足语称为复合宾语。
如:They made her happy.（形容词）
I saw her dance.（不定式）
We’ll help make the Olympics a success.（名词）
Please let him in.（副词）
We heard her singing a song.（分词短语）
（五）表语：
表语说明主语“是什么”或者“怎么样”，由名词、形容词、副词、介词，不定式及相当于名词或形容词或短语来担任。它的位置在系动词后面。
如：I am a teacher.（名词）
He is always happy.（形容词）
They are on the playground now.（介词短语）
It gets cold.（形容词）
系动词除了有am, is, are还有get（变得），sound（听起来），seem（看起来）feel等特殊的词。
如：It sounds interesting.（sound为系动词，interesting为表语）
（六）定语
定语是用来修饰名词或代词的。形容词、代词、数词、名词、介词短语、不定式或相当于形容词的词或短语等。
单词作定语时，通常放在它所修饰的名词之前。
如：The black bike is mine.（形容词）
这辆黑色的自行车是我的。
What’s your name?（代词）
They made paper flowers.（名词）
说明1：当定语修饰不定代词如：nothing, anything, everything, something等时，定语要放在其后作后置定语
如：I tell him something interesting.
我告诉他一些有趣的事情。
（形容词interesting作不定代词something的后置定语）
He has something to do.
他有一些事情去做（to do为不定式作后置定语）
说明2：短语或从句作定语时，也放在被修饰的名词之后。
如：The boys in the room are in Class Four.
这间屋子里的男孩子们是4班的。
in the room是介词短语作the boys的后置定语。
（七）状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词。一般表示行为发生的时间、地点、目的、方式、程度等意义，一般由副词、介词短语、不定式或相当于副词的词或短语来表示。状语一般放在句末，但有的可以放在句首、句中。
如：He did it carefully.（副词）
We often help him.（副词）
Her mother goes out to do some shopping on Sunday.（介词短语）
When I grow up, I am going to be a teacher.（从句作时间状语